A pathway linking liver fat and arterial stiffness - direct as well as indirect effects

A pathway linking liver fat and arterial stiffness - direct as well as indirect effects

Background Although the association of triglycerides (TG) with cardiovascular disease has been debated, accumulating evidence suggests that hypertriglyceridaemia may independently indicate an increased risk of atherosclerotic disease. A subclinical impairment of aortic elastic properties often precedes overt atherosclerotic disease and predicts the corresponding risk. Circulating TG levels are ...

the effect of lexical and grammatical collocation instruction through input flooding versus awareness raising on short-term and delayed retention as well a active use

this study attempted to explore if teaching english collocations through two different modes of awareness-raising and input flooding has any possible differential effect on immediate retention as well as retention in a delayed assessment. it also compared the possible differential effect of teaching english collocations implicitly and explicitly on actively using the items in writing. m...

the differential effects of debate and media analysis as relate to enhancing efl learners critical thinking ability and writing performances

critical thinking ability has an important role in education. accordingly, scholars around the world are searching for new ways for teaching and improving students critical thinking ability. in line with the studies in efl contexts supporting the positive relationship between critical thinking and writing performances, this study investigated the differential effects of halverson’s critical thi...

liver transplantation for quality as well as quantity of life

Direct and Indirect Effects

The direct effect of one event on another can be defined and measured by holding constant all intermediate variables between the two. Indirect effects present conceptual and prac­ tical difficulties (in nonlinear models), be­ cause they cannot be isolated by holding cer­ tain variables constant. This paper presents a new way of defining the effect transmit­ ted through a restricted set of paths...